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    Civil Rights

    From BibleStrength
    Republican President and General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1947. He desegregated both the armed forces and schools and passed the 1957 Civil Rights Act.

    Republicans consistently voted in higher percentages for civil rights bills from the 1860s to the 1960s.[1] The Republican Party was founded on March 20, 1854 in opposition to the Democrat Party's position of slavery. Republican President Abraham Lincoln led the Republican Party's Union forces to fight the pro-slavery Confederate Democrats during the Civil War. Democrats remain linked to their racist predecessors. Hillary Clinton's mentor Robert Byrd was a former Ku Klux Klan leader who filibustered the 1964 Civil Rights Act, as did Bill Clinton's mentor James William Fulbright, and Al Gore's father, Senator Al Gore Sr.

    File:RogerWilliamsChappell.jpg
    The Landing of Roger Williams in 1636 by Alonso Chappell.

    Contrary to liberal distortions, both Nazism and Fascism have always been left-wing; indeed the full name for the Nazis in German was nationalsozialismus which literally translates as 'National Socialist Party.'[2] Benito Mussolini, founder of Italy's Fascist Party, was an editor for multiple socialist publications and even at the end of his life continued to advocate for socialism.[3][4] Both the Nazis and Fascists nationalized healthcare, advocated social Darwinism, and persecuted Christians. The Nazis executed the leader of the Confessing Church Dietrich Bonhoeffer and had 800 protestant pastors and 400 catholic priests arrested.[5]

    Civil Rights Legislation

    The following is a history of civil rights legislation showing how both parties have voted.

    Year Legislation Republicans Democrats
    House Senate Percent House Senate Percent
    1865 13th Amendment[6] 86/86 34/34 100% 14/63 3/9 24%
    1866 Civil Rights Act[7] 118/120 32/36 96% 0/33 0/11 0%
    1866 14th Amendment[8] 128/128 32/35 98% 0/37 0/8 0%
    1870 15th Amendment[9] 142/146 39/43 96% 0/39 0/9 0%
    1870 Enforcement Act[10] 132/133 48/49 99% 0/54 0/10 0%
    1871 Enforcement Act[11] 93/94 36/38 98% 0/73 0/11 0%
    1875 Civil Rights Act[12] 162/177 38/45 90% 0/85 0/18 0%
    1919 19th Amendment[13] 200/219 36/44 90% 102/172 20/37 58%
    1924 Indian Citizenship Act Unrecorded, passed by GOP President/Congress
    1957 Civil Rights Act[14] 167/186 43/43 92% 118/225 29/47 54%
    1960 Civil Rights Act[15] 123/135 29/29 93% 165/248 42/60 67%
    1963 Equal Pay Act[16] 160/160 34/34 100% 201/210 65/65 96%
    1964 Civil Rights Act[17] 136/171 27/34 80% 152/243 46/66 64%
    1965 Voting Rights Act[18] 109/129 30/31 87% 218/272 49/65 79%
    1965 Immigration and Nationality Act[19] 117/127 24/27 92% 202/262 52/66 77%
    1991 Civil Rights Act[20] 128/161 38/43 81% 252/257 55/55 98%
    1996 Adoption Promotion and Stability Act[21] 219/220 - 100% 170/184 - 92%
    1998 International Religious Freedom Act[22] 206/220 55/55 95% 167/195 43/43 88%
    2002 Born-Alive Infants Protection Act[23] 200/220 47/49 92% 179/210 50/50 88%
    2003 Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act[24] 218/229 47/51 95% 63/205 17/48 32%

    U.S. History

    Much key information relating to civil rights has traditionally been left out of major history textbooks (e.g. regarding atrocities done to Native Americans, the Mexican Repatriation, Eisenhower's extensive role in the civil rights movement, King's assassination by the FBI, etc.). The following is needed context to America's history of civil rights which has gone largely unnoticed until now.

    Native Americans

    U.S. history books have generally glossed over the crimes the U.S. government has perpetrated against Native Americans. Although some of the early colonies practiced peaceful and fair dealings with the Native Americans (see William Penn's 1682 Province of Pennsylvania and Roger Williams' 1641 Province of Rhode Island), they were exceptions, not the rule.


    Penn and Williams' Peaceful Colonies

    See also Separation of Church and State

    William Penn, founder of the Province of Pennsylvania in 1682 (which included modern-day Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware) walked among the Native Americans unarmed, learned their languages, and insisted on fairly purchasing land from them. Penn's Province of Pennsylvania proved the basis for the later U.S. Constitution.

    Roger Williams in 1636 founded the Colony of Rhode Island, the earliest successful democracy on American soil, which included the principle of religious freedom (which he exposited in 'The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience' - 1644[26]) because he believed forced worship "stincks in God’s nostrils."[27]

    He also founded America's first Baptist Church in 1638, its first anti-slavery organization, and edited the first dictionary of Native American languages.[28] Williams too walked among the Native Americans unarmed, learned their languages and dialects, and even surrendered himself as a hostage to negotiate peace on several occasions (in the cases of Pessicus in 1645 and Metacom in 1671).[29] Despite his best efforts in 1675 to broker peace between the warring English and Native Americans after the English attacked Native American lands, during which he surrendered himself as a hostage to guarantee the safe return of Chief Metacom, war broke out with both sides committing horrific atrocities. A Wampanoag war party even showed up outside Providence, Rhode Island, and when Williams went out to talk with them, they left him unharmed but attacked and burned the city including Williams' own house. As Williams told them, "That house of mine now burning before mine eyes lodged kindly some thousands of you for these ten years." Left without recourse, Williams would finally turn military commander and defeat the neighboring tribes in battle to protect Rhode Island, driving them out of the area.[30]

    Broken Treaties

    Other colonies and later states created treaties with the Natives that were broken, or took advantage of the language barrier to steal their land or otherwise defraud them. Examples include the Canandaigua Treaty of 1794 and Treaty K, signed during the Gold Rush, which California officials avoided keeping by pressuring the U.S. Senate to refuse ratification during the Gold Rush for the sake of monetary gain.[31] In some cases the early British colonists even gave the Natives smallpox-infected blankets or poisoned their drinking water to kill men, women, and children indiscriminately.[32]

    Misconceptions on Scalping

    Some Native American tribes were peaceful, such as the Narragansett tribe which welcomed Roger Williams, whereas others were warfaring, enslaving other tribes and killing women and children viciously. Although American culture has normalized the myth of vicious Native American warriors scalping their enemies, the practice was actually normalized (though not invented) by European settlers during the French and Indian War. The British and French forces hired Native American tribes to fight for them against one another, with scalping the method of keeping count, or coup, of how many enemies they had killed.[33] In some cases, European settlers even practiced scalping themselves.[34]

    Trail of Tears

    One of the worst genocidal actions by the U.S. government was perpetrated by President Andrew Jackson as part of his Indian removal policy. Between 1838 and 1839, 15,000 Cherokees were forcibly evicted from their tribal lands east of the Mississippi River by the U.S. government and forced at gunpoint to march across the United States to a reservation in Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokees died of disease, fatigue, and starvation during the march.[35]

    Battle of Little Bighorn

    Genocide Against the Cheyenne

    Richard Hardorff in "Washita Memories: Eyewitness Views of Custer's Attack on Black Kettle's Village" describes how the U.S. government repeatedly betrayed the Cheyenne tribe, breaking treaty after treaty with them, before General Custer had them murdered in cold blood in what the 1924 Indian Bureau labeled genocide. As observed by the History Channel, "On November 26, Custer located a large village of Cheyenne encamped near the Washita River, just outside of present-day Cheyenne, Oklahoma. Custer did not attempt to identify which group of Cheyenne was in the village, or to make even a cursory reconnaissance of the situation. Had he done so, Custer would have discovered that they were peaceful people and the village was on reservation soil, where the commander of Fort Cobb had guaranteed them safety. There was even a white flag flying from one of the main dwellings, indicating that the tribe was actively avoiding conflict... Within a few hours, the village was destroyed–the soldiers had killed 103 Cheyenne, including the peaceful Black Kettle and many women and children. Hailed as the first substantial American victory in the Indian wars, the Battle of the Washita helped to restore Custer’s reputation and succeeded in persuading many Cheyenne to move to the reservation."[36]

    Custer's Folly

    Given General Custer's immoral slaughter of women and children to advance his reputation, it is fitting that his name is best remembered with shame after he walked into an ambush. While U.S. historybooks have long painted this as a "massacre" by vicious Indians, in fact it was Custer who was attempting to once again slaughter women and children. His own cruelty led to his demise. Custer just two years before the Battle of Little Bighorn boasted about how he used the tactic of threatening the lives of women and children to gain victory:

    Lieutenant Edward Settle Godfrey concluded that Custer's unusual detour was part of an attempt to attack what he saw as an undefended camp of women and children, in a repeat of his attack on Black Kettle.

    Unaware of the number of troops below, Custer foolishly rushed to attack, and his 600 men were quickly overwhelmed by more than 3,000 Native Americans; less than an hour later Custer and all of his troops were dead.[40]

    1924 Indian Citizenship Act

    The 1924 Indian Citizenship Act was signed into law by Republican President Calvin Coolidge following its passage by a Republican-run Congress, finally providing Native Americans with U.S. citizenship. However, no record of the vote count in either the House or Senate has been preserved.

    Slavery

    Christian Origins of U.S. Abolition

    The early opponents of slavery in the Americas were not liberals but Christian conservatives. Roger Williams established the openly Christian province of Rhode Island in 1641, whose 1663 charter advocated adherence to "gospel principles... in the true Christian faith and worship of God" as well as the first anti-slavery group in the U.S. Although Rhode Island passed a 1652 law prohibiting slavery, by the end of the 17th century it was no longer enforced.[41]

    The radically Christian Quakers would prove the primary opponents of slavery throughout early America, figuring prominently in William Penn's Province of Pennsylvania, along with Roger Williams' Rhode Islanders. Christian churches played a prominent role in the Underground Railroad, just as they would do so a century later during the 1950s-60s civil rights movement. The Quakers were the earliest to assist escaped slaves in gaining freedom, with George Washington complaining they had attempted to liberate one of his slaves, but numerous other denominations were involved in the Underground Railroad as well.[42]

    Harriet Beecher Stowe's Christian beliefs led her to write Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was a primary source of anti-slavery sentiment leading up to the Civil War.[43]

    African Slave Trade

    African nations, like Native American and European nations (see e.g. the Volga Trade Route and Ottoman Slave Trade), would enslave their conquered enemies in war. Numerous Africans were sold by their enemies into slavery to Americans, but what is not commonly known is that African countries enslaved white Americans for sale in the African slave trade.

    Barbary Wars

    It was not just whites who enslaved blacks, but blacks who enslaved whites. The Barbary Wars (1801-1805; 1815-1816) occurred because three North African Muslim nations, Tripoli, Tunis, and Algiers used their navies to hijack U.S. ships at the beginning of American history when it did not have a navy. Treaties with the three Islamic countries made at the time all show how much influence they held in the bargaining process. Nonetheless, the treaties were broken, resulting in the First and Second Barbary Wars to stop the enslavement of white Americans for the African slave trade.[44]

    Moroccan Treaty

    A notable exception was Morocco which, unlike the other three nations, acknowledged the right of the fledgling U.S. government to exist. The U.S. treaty with Morocco is one of the United States' oldest unbroken treaties.[45]

    Mexican Abolition, Mexican-American War

    It is little-known that the Mexican-American War occurred because Mexico outlawed slavery. As Frederick Douglass pointed out in his address at Belfast Ireland, Mexico originally opened its borders to modern-day Texas (then part of Mexico) because it had too much land and not enough settlers. Numerous Americans came in, many of them bringing their slaves. However, Mexico then outlawed slavery in 1829. The ex-American slaveholders attempted to circumvent this by declaring slaves indentured servants, but this too was outlawed by Mexico. Furious, the settlers, led by Sam Austin, petitioned the U.S. government, claiming that Texas wanted to cede from Mexico. U.S. President James Polk, along with the Democratic Party, acceded to the request, knowing that more slave states were needed to protect the institution of slavery at a time when free states were beginning to outnumber the slave states. Thus the U.S. started a war with Mexico to create more slave states out of the captured territory (Texas, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arizona, and Colorado).

    Polk sent U.S. troops to the border between the U.S. and Texas to start a war, and then falsely claimed that Mexican troops attacked first. As a result, three U.S. Presidents all condemned the Mexican-American War because of Democrats' dishonesty in starting a war on false pretenses in the name of slavery, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, and John Quincy Adams.[46] Ulysses S. Grant even expressed the view that the Civil War was God's divine punishment upon America for its unjust actions in the Mexican-American War, stating, "Nations, like individuals, are punished for their transgressions. We got our punishment in the most sanguinary and expensive war of modern times."[47]

    To quote Frederick Douglass:

    Opposition by U.S. Presidents and Republican Party

    Civil War

    The Republican Union fought to free slaves while the South's Democrats fought on the side of the Confederacy to preserve slavery. For decades afterwards, Republican Presidents were exclusively military leaders who had fought in the Civil War. Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877) had been the Union's Commanding General of the U.S. Army. Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881) was a Brevet Major General. James A. Garfield (1881) was a Major General. Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885) was a Quartermaster General. Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893) was a Brevet Brigadier General. William McKinley (1897-1901) was a Brevet Major. As the first Republican President in over 40 years to have not served in the Civil War, it's small wonder that Teddy Roosevelt (1901-1909) felt so much pressure to be a war hero, given his predecessors, that he engineered the Spanish-American War so he could lead the Rough Riders.

    Mexican Repatriation

    Millions of illegal immigrants may actually be descended from former U.S. citizens, because up to 2 million U.S. citizens of hispanic descent were wrongfully deported during the Great Depression to free up jobs.

    During the Great Depression the U.S. government "repatriated," i.e. deported to Mexico, up to 2 million Mexican-Americans, approximately 50-60% of whom were U.S. citizens.[52] This began under President Herbert Hoover and continued under Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry Truman, although much of the deportation was done by states such as California. To quote Arthur G. Arnoll, "The slogan has gone over the city and is being adhered to—‘employ no Mexican while a white man is unemployed; get the Mexican back into Mexico regardless by what means.’ All this without taking into consideration the legality of the Mexican’s status of being here. It is a question of pigment, not a question of citizenship or right…"[53]

    According to FactCheck.org, 5.6 million were deported during the presidencies of Hoover, Truman, and Eisenhower-FDR's presidency is not addressed.[54] Given how many generations have passed since the 1930s, it is possible that 10 million or more of the so-called "illegals" are actually descended from former U.S. citizens. As such, Mexican-Americans have thrice over had their land taken from them by the U.S. government, firstly because most are descended from Native Americans, secondly because of the Mexican-American War, and thirdly because of the Mexican Repatriation.[55]

    Annexation of Hawaii

    In 1887 a group of cabinet officials and advisors to King Kalakaua along with an armed militia staged a coup against the ruling monarchy, the Kingdom of Hawaii, which had been recognized as an independent nation by France and Britain since 1843.

    Between 1893 and 1898 the U.S. government backed a coup against the Kingdom of Hawaii and its Native residents. U.S. immigrants in the kingdom called upon John L. Stevens, a Republican politician and Hawaiian ambassador, to help take over Hawaii. Stevens had the Marines sent in to depose the Queen of Hawaii's government, resulting in her surrender to avoid loss of life for her subjects. Republican President Benjamin Harrison initially supported the annexation, but when President Grover Cleveland, a Democrat, took office, he initially rejected the annexation and forced an investigation. The resulting Blount Report criticized the U.S. government's overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the businessmen who had plotted the whole ordeal.

    However, when the Spanish-American War broke out, Cleveland conceded to Congressional pressure and annexed Hawaii because the U.S. needed a military base in the Pacific.[57] In 1993 Congress issued the Apology Resolution formally apologizing for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, one of the few times the U.S. has formally apologized for its actions.[56]

    Annexation of the Phillipines

    Spanish-American War

    The U.S. actions towards the Philippines were the result of the U.S. victory in the Spanish-American War. The Spanish-American War occurred because Cuba, previously a holding of the Spanish government, rebelled against Spain in a 3-year war for independence. Following the mysterious explosion and sinking of the U.S. battleship Maine off the coast of Havana, the U.S. declared war against Spain. The 4-month war, instigated in part by future President Teddy Roosevelt, who led the 'Rough Riders' into combat, resulted in the Treaty of Paris as Spain ceded Guam and the Puerto Rico to the U.S., and sold the Philippines for $20 million.[58]

    Filipino Revolution

    However, the Spanish sale of the Philippines did not guarantee Filipino cooperation. On February 4, 1899, two days before the U.S. Senate ratified the Treaty of Paris, armed conflict broke out between U.S. forces and Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo seeking independence. By the time the three-year war concluded, 4,200 American soldiers, 20,000 Filipino militants, and 200,000 Filipino civilians had died, the latter as the result of "violence, famine, and disease."[59]

    Atrocities were perpetrated by both sides during the war:

    After the Filipinos adopted guerilla warfare tactics against the vastly superior U.S. military, the U.S. resorted to a strategy called the 'policy of attraction' to defeat the rebels through cultural means.

    Nazism and Fascism, Left-Wing Concepts

    National Socialist Nazi Party

    Despite the attempts of liberals in academia to portray Nazism and Fascism as right-wing, in reality they always were left-wing in origin. The German word for Nazi is Nationalsozialismus which literally translates as National Socialist Party.[2] The Nazi platform included nationalized healthcare, retirement, and education even as they opposed capitalism. Scientists like Josef Mengele practiced the Nazi doctrine of Social Darwinism in committing heinous war crimes.

    Opposition to Christianity

    The Nazis, like other Socialist and Communist nations, opposed religious freedom and Christianity. The leader of the Confessing Church, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, was arrested and executed, 800 German Protestant pastors were arrested and sent to concentration camps, and 400 Catholic priests were similarly sent to concentration camps.[5] This was due in large part to the influence of the leading Protestant theologian at the time, Karl Barth, openly accusing Nazism of being directly opposed to Christianity.[60]

    1940's Academia Acknowledged National Socialists Were Left-Wing

    Contrary to the historical revisionism undertaken by liberal academics today, it was openly acknowledged by academia in the 1930s and '40s that Nazism was anti-capitalist and left-wing.

    Nazism and German Academia
    See also Germany and Atheism

    Modern socialism found its birthplace in Germany with Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and Herbert Marcuse, considered the father of the 'New Left' is also from Germany. Julius Welhausen, originator of the Documentary Hypothesis, is just one of the many German Bible critics that have sought to minimalize Christianity over the past two centuries. Even as the left would like to write off Nazi Germany as right-wing rather than left-wing, many of the left's heroes and originators ironically began in Germany. Much of modern liberal theory and philosophy originated in Germany.

    Prominent German atheists included Friedrich Nietzsche, Ernst Haeckel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Karl Lowith, and Ludwig Feuerbach. Prominent German Socialists and Communists included Karl Marx, G.W.F. Hegel, Herbert Marcuse (father of the 'New Left'), Karl Kautsky, and Eduard Bernstein. Prominent German Bible critics include Julius Welhausen, Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, Baron d'Holbach, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Bart D. Ehrman, Eric Fromm, Albert Schweitzer, Bruno Bauer, and Hermann Gunkel.

    It is a little-known fact that Nazism was comprised heavily of teachers, particularly elementary-school teachers.

    Fascists and Mussolini

    And Mussolini's Fascists? Benito Mussolini started out as a publisher of several Socialist newspapers like Avante! (Forward) and L’Avvenire del Lavoratore (The Worker’s Future).[3] Mussolini was an atheist who praised Karl Marx.[66] Even in his later years Mussolini continued advocating Socialism and claimed that he had attempted to nationalize property but had to delay doing so for wartime purposes.[4]

    Socialism and Atheism Genocides

    See Religion and Wars.

    Atheistic socialist and communist governments have killed more people over the last century than those of any other religion. The following analysis includes genocides for other religions from the last several centuries, but all of the atheism genocides have occurred within just the past 100 years.

    Protestantism Catholicism Islamic Eastern Atheism
    5-50 million, Colonization of the Americas 5-50 million, Colonization of the Americas 60-80 million, Muslim Conquest of the Indian Subcontinent 38 million, Second Sino-Japanese War 160-200 million women, Asian Gendercide
    20-30 million, Taiping Rebellion 5-22 million, Congo Free State 17 million, Timur Conquests 30 million, Mongol Conquests 40-71 million, World War II
    1.5-5.8 million, Thirty Years' War 1.5-5.8 million, Thirty Years' War 8-12 million, Dungan Rebellion 30 million, Ming Dynasty 15-65 million, World War I
    3.5-7 million, Napoleonic Wars 1-3 million, Nigerian Civil War 25 million, Qing Conquest of China 18-45 million, Great Leap Forward
    2-4 million, French Wars of Religion 1.5 million, Armenian Genocide 20-30 million, Taiping Rebellion 18-25 million, Soviet Union atrocities
    1-3 million, The Crusades .8-.9 million, Greek Genocide 17 million, An Lushan Rebellion 5 million, North Korea
    0.8-3 million, Vietnam War .4 million, Darfur Genocide[67] 2 million, Khmer Rouge
    1.8-3.5 million, Chinese Civil War
    1-2 million, 1983-85 Famine in Ethiopia
    Total: 27-86 million Total: 19-95 million Total: 88-114 million Total: 160-170 million Total: 261-419 million

    Eisenhower's Role

    Republican President Dwight Eisenhower, perhaps more than anyone else except Martin Luther King Jr., was strongly responsible for sparking the 1960s Civil Rights revolution. Eisenhower as early as 1945 desegregated the armed forces while a five-star general in World War II's Battle of the Bulge. Not content to stop there, Eisenhower then as President desegregated schools, sending in the National Guard to enforce the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education.[68] Eisenhower then urged Congress to pass the first major civil rights legislation in decades, the 1957 Civil Rights Act, which was originally proposed by his Republican Attorney General Herbert Brownell. Lyndon B. Johnson, a renowned racist who boasted of opposing anti-lynching legislation,[69] would ultimately take credit for Eisenhower's reforms, even though Johnson weakened the reforms that Eisenhower sought.[70]

    The 1960s civil rights legislation was in large part a response to Dwight Eisenhower's seven proposed recommendations calling for civil rights reform in 1959. Eisenhower's seven recommendations to Congress were as follows:[71]

    1. Legislation making the threatened use of force to obstruct school desegregation a federal offense.
    2. Legislation conferring additional investigative powers to the FBI for investing church destruction (e.g. the Birmingham Church Bombing) and making interstate flight to avoid detention or prosecution for such crimes a criminal offense.
    3. Legislation authorizing the Attorney General to inspect federal election records and requiring that such records be preserved to prevent disenfranchisement of voters.
    4. Temporary assistance programs to aid state and local agencies in desegregating schools.
    5. Legislation providing for the education of military children when state-administered schools are closed due to desegregation requirements.
    6. Equal opportunity in employment via a "statutory Commission Equal Job Opportunity Under Government Contracts." This would become the EEOC.
    7. Legislation extending the civil rights commission.

    The King Era

    Martin Luther King, Jr.

    In contrast to today's Democrats and their position on affirmative action, Martin Luther King Jr. did not preach secular values but Christian ones; did not advocate prioritizing certain groups or classes above others per affirmative action but fought for equality; and did not concern himself with politically correct speech but Biblically-based principles such as Jesus' commandment in John 7:24: "Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment."[72] King was assassinated after the FBI wiretapped him as part of an attempt by Democrat administrations to discredit him. The FBI, headed by dishonest crook J. Edgar Hoover, submitted a report falsely categorizing King as a Communist just weeks before his death, and omitting conversations showing he was opposed to Communism.[73]

    Assassinations Timeline

    The following is a timeline relating to assassinations (shown in bold) near the time of the civil rights movement:

    • Medgar Evers Assassinated: 1963, June 12. A civil rights activist and head of Mississippi's NAACP, he was assassinated by Byron De La Beckwith. Beckwith would not be convicted until 1994 at age 80 after two previous trials failed as the result of the Mississippi Sovereignty Commission helping him screen out potential jurors.[74]
    • Robert Kennedy Authorizes King Wiretapping: 1963, October 10. Robert Kennedy, at the time the Attorney General under John F. Kennedy's administration, formally authorized the FBI wiretapping of King that, until that point, had been conducted by the Mobile, Alabama FBI branch since December 1955.[73] The animosity between FBI head J. Edgar Hoover and King reached its peak a few months later in April 1964 when King accused the FBI of being "completely ineffectual in resolving the continued mayhem and brutality inflicted upon the Negro in the Deep South." A few months later on November 18, 1964, Hoover accused King of being the "most notorious liar in the country."[75]
    • Ngo Dinh Diem and Ngo Dinh Du Assassinated: 1963, November 2. The leader of South Vietnam, a repressive dictator, and his brother, who had been backed by Kennedy's administration to counter the North Vietnamese Communist government of Ho Chi Minh, were both assassinated. Although U.S. officials declaimed responsibility, it was later revealed that U.S. officials organized the assassination.[76] The resulting instability would serve as the pretext for Lyndon B. Johnson to begin the Vietnam War.
    • JFK Begins Campaign for 1964 Election: 1963, November 12. On November 12th, JFK held his first important political planning session for the upcoming 1964 campaign. On November 21st, he and the First Lady left for a two-day, five-city tour of Texas.[77]
    • John F. Kennedy Assassinated: 1963, November 22. Kennedy was assassinated just 10 days after beginning his political campaign for the 1964 election. He was assassinated in Dallas, Texas by an unknown gunman. Kennedy would die at Parkland Memorial Hospital at 1 p.m.[77]According to the testimony of Bertha L. Lozanoa (R.N.) in declassified documents from the Warren Commission, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson showed up at the hospital with numerous police who took control of the area. According to Ms. Lozano, "We tried to get the President's papers and Gov. Connally's papers back to Major Surgery but were not allowed. A volunteer was told 'papers were not important.' The Emergency Room papers were brought back on the President by a volunteer to the Triage Desk, and when I left the desk at the end of the day, the papers were still at the Triage Desk."[78]

      According to Jacqueline Kennedy in a 1964 interview, John F. Kennedy had recently been discussing with his brother, Robert Kennedy, ways to keep his rival, Lyndon B. Johnson, from becoming the Vice President in the future, just before the assassination.[79] It appears that LBJ, aware he would be passed up in the upcoming 1964 election and not selected for Vice President, chose to have Kennedy assassinated to advance his own political career, and pursue the wars with Vietnam and Cuba Johnson desired that Kennedy was reluctant to initiate.
    • Lee Harvey Oswald Assassinated: 1963, November 24. The alleged gunman responsible for Kennedy's death, Lee Harvey Oswald, was assassinated at point blank range by Jack Ruby while being transferred from police headquarters to the county jail. He too would die of his wounds at Parkland Memorial Hospital.[77] Ruby claimed that he assassinated Oswald to spare Jacqueline Kennedy the grief of testifying at his trial.[80] Jacqueline Kennedy, as mentioned, was aware that both JFK and his brother Robert Kennedy were opposed to LBJ's selection as Vice President, so Oswald had to die to prevent Jackie Kennedy from testifying and exposing LBJ.
    • FBI Sends Suicide Letter to King: 1964, November 21. The FBI, headed by J. Edgar Hoover, sent King a letter urging him to commit suicide.[81]
      The letter sent by the FBI to Martin Luther King Jr. urging him to commit suicide, prior to his assassination.
    • Malcolm X Assassinated: 1965, February 21. Malcolm X's assassination is the only assassination during the Johnson administration which does not appear to have been perpetrated by Lyndon B. Johnson. Malcolm X had helped popularize the Nation of Islam, whose leader Elijah Muhammad grew the movement by recruiting federal prison inmates while incarcerated at the Federal Correctional Institution in Milan. The Nation of Islam advocated black supremacy, segregation of whites and blacks, and rejected the Civil Rights Movement's emphasis on unity and integration. However, Malcolm X in March, 1964 (the same month that he met Martin Luther King Jr. on the floor of Congress[82]) left the Nation of Islam and expressed regret for having joined them. Less than a year later he was assassinated by three Nation of Islam members in February, 1965. The only gunman caught, Talmadge Hayer, insisted that the others involved were not Norman Butler and Thomas Johnson, yet Butler and Johnson were railroaded and spent decades in prison.[83]
    • Jack Ruby Assassinated: 1967, January 3. Ruby, the assassin of Kennedy's alleged assassin, was killed just before the start of a second trial by the Texas Court of Appeals challenging his recent death penalty verdict.[80][84]
    • George Lincoln Rockwell Assassinated: 1967, August 25. Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party, was ironically anti-war, capitalist, and in support of black supremacist groups like the Nation of Islam (although ironically only because he opposed desegregation also). In July 1958 he protested President Eisenhower's decision to send troops to the Middle East. Apparently unaware of the self-contradicting irony of his position, he founded the World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists (WUFENS) for socialists who oppose state ownership of property. He also donated in support of the Nation of Islam and endorsed its leader, Elijah Muhammad. Rockwell was assassinated by John Patler, who had recently been expelled from the American Nazi Party. Patler, ironically, was expelled from the party for holding "Bolshevik leanings," all because of Rockwell's ignorance and unawareness that the "National Socialist Party" is left-wing to begin with. To see Rockwell's sincere yet seriously confused ideology on display, see his pamphlet, "How to Get Out or Stay Out of the Insane Asylum."
    • Che Guevara Assassinated: 1967, October 9.
    • FBI Report Portrays King as Communist: 1968, March 12. Although FBI wiretapping records reveal that King told his adviser Bayard Rustin in May 1965 that "There are things I wanted to say renouncing communism in theory, but they would not go along with it. We wanted to say that it was an alien philosophy contrary to us, but they wouldn’t go along with it," the FBI concealed this and other evidence from its 1968 report in a dishonest attempt to portray King as a Communist.[75]
    • Martin Luther King Jr. Assassinated: 1968, April 4. Less than a month after the FBI report, King was assassinated by James Earl Ray, who shot him with a rifle while he was standing on the second floor balcony of his motel. James Earl Ray was framed for the murder after his appointed defense lawyer coerced him into a false confession which he recanted three days later. Although a Tennessee court ruled in 1999 that Lt. Earl Clark was the real killer and Loyd Jowers was part of a coverup by the Mafia and U.S. government to kill King, the FBI refused to investigate.[85]
    • Robert F. Kennedy Assassinated: 1968, June 5. Robert "Bobby" Kennedy was assassinated after telling Jacqueline Kennedy of his plans to have someone other than Lyndon B. Johnson chosen for the 1968 Presidential Ticket.[79] Following his victory in the California Democratic Primary election, he was shot by Sirhan Sirhan with a revolver at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles. RFK's son, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., has expressed the belief that a second gunman was responsible for killing his father. In the words of the Washington Post's Tom Jackman:
    • Fred Hampton Assassinated: 1969, December 4. Like King, Hampton, an influential activist in the NAACP and Deputy Chairman of the Black Panther Party, was assassinated following his wiretapping by the FBI. The FBI opened a file on him in 1967 and began tapping his mother's phone in February 1968. The FBI's Chicago office had William O'Neal infiltrate the Black Panther Party to become Hampton's bodyguard and Director of Chapter security, using him to create violent conflicts between the Black Panthers and other groups. Hampton was about to be appointed the Chief of Staff and primary spokesperson for the Black Panthers when he was murdered by the FBI and Chicago Police, who had him drugged with barbiturates so he couldn't resist when they raided his apartment and killed him and his security detail in cold blood. In 1982 the federal government, city of Chicago, and Cook County agreed to a $1.8 million settlement reimbursing nine plaintiffs which included Hampton's mother.[87]

    Lyndon B. Johnson, Murderer

    Not only King, but numerous other prominent figures related to the civil rights movement were assassinated over a 7-year period that corresponds perfectly with Democrat President Lyndon B. Johnson's administration (1963-69). After then-Attorney General Robert Kennedy approved the wiretapping of King on October 10th, 1963, his brother John F. Kennedy was assassinated less than two months later.[88] That Kennedy's assassination was part of a wide-reaching coverup is evident from the fact that Kennedy's alleged assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, was himself quickly assassinated by Jack Ruby, with Ruby himself assassinated on January 3rd, 1967. All three were assassinated and died at the same hospital, Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas. Robert Kennedy would be assassinated five years later on June 5th, 1968.

    Lyndon B. Johnson, the evil mastermind behind assassinations of civil rights leaders.

    The clear evidence seems to point to Lyndon B. Johnson heading a range of assassinations of civil rights leaders in conjunction with the FBI's J. Edgar Hoover. The FBI's report mischaracterizing King as a Communist just weeks before his assassination, following more than a decade of wiretapping which included the FBI sending him a 1964 letter urging him to commit suicide, clearly implicates the Bureau itself. And the timeline of assassination perfectly corresponds with LBJ's administration, with LBJ standing most to gain from John F. Kennedy's assassination. It may be that Robert Kennedy was a part of the initial plot, and was assassinated later along with Ruby to better conceal what had happened, in spite of their willing involvement. That the administration of Parkland Memorial Hospital was involved seems evident not only from the circumstances but also the self-congratulating tone of administrator C.J. Price at the time.[89]

    Governor Connally, who was with John F. Kennedy in the limousine when he was shot, was the campaign manager for Lyndon B. Johnson on a number of his campaigns, including Johnson's 1941 and 1948 campaigns. In the 1948 'Box 13 Scandal,' Connally oversaw the controversial Precinct 13 results which showed numerous signs of voter fraud, with the signatures for Johnson in the same handwriting, signed in the same ink, and in alphabetical order. Nonetheless, Johnson would go on to win the election.[90]

    Johnson's Racism

    Lyndon B. Johnson has ironically received most of the credit for the civil rights legislation of the 1960s, even though he weakened the reforms sought by Eisenhower.[70] Johnson opposed every civil rights proposal he faced during his first 20 years in Congress, from 1937 to 1957. Johnson opposed legislation to stop the poll tax, segregation, and lynching during that time.[91] He opposed anti-lynching legislation "because the federal government has no more business enacting a law against one form of murder than against another."

    Johnson was an old-school racist southern Democrat whose quotes include the following:[92]

    Why the Coverup?

    The Democratic Party has for decades given Lyndon B. Johnson credit for civil rights reforms. Furthermore, much of America's social welfare system was originated during Johnson's administration, including Medicare (1965) and Medicaid (1965). Johnson's 'Great Society' (1964-65) produced numerous changes through legislation such as the Older Americans Act, Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and Higher Education Facilities Act of 1963.

    Lyndon B. Johnson's credit for civil rights legislation was crucial to the Democratic Party's continued success. Eisenhower in 1956 had received 39% of the black vote and Nixon received 32% in 1960. However, coinciding with passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, blacks voted 94% for LBJ and the Democrats in 1964. As noted by FactCheck.org, "The following year Johnson signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act. No Republican presidential candidate has gotten more than 15 percent of the black vote since."[93]

    However, it was Republicans who continued voting in higher percentages for civil rights legislation.[82] Even as LBJ weakened Eisenhower's attempted reforms, he took credit for civil rights progress. The 1968 Civil Rights Act included anti-riot provisions designed to stamp out protests by the Black Panthers and those furious with the growing number of assassinations of civil rights leaders.[94] The Chicago Seven, for example, were charged with rioting at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in violation of the Act. Judge Hoffman had Bobby Seale, the cofounder of the Black Panther Party, bound and gagged for protesting at the trial, then sentenced him to 4 years in prison.[95]

    In essence, the Democrats including LBJ had numerous civil rights leaders murdered, weakened Eisenhower's intended reforms, and passed anti-riot language to stamp out the resulting riots, all while successfully gaining the black vote for nearly a century.

    Southern Strategy

    To deny their 200-year history of opposing civil rights, the Democrats claim that the parties conveniently switched sides after all the major civil rights legislation had been passed, as though both parties just shook hands and decided to change sides after all the key civil rights legislation had transpired. However, on the face of it this is an absurd claim for clearly the Democrats remain the same party of big government socialism they were during the 1930s when Franklin D. Roosevelt was president, yet Republicans continued voting in higher percentages for civil rights legislation into the 1960s, including the 1957, 1960, and 1964 Civil Rights Acts, 1963 Equal Pay Act, and 1965 Voting Rights Act. In other words, it makes no sense to claim a party switch occurred prior to the 1930s, since the Democrats remain wedded to the same socialist programs FDR and LBJ created such as Social Security (1935) and Medicare/Medicaid (1965), yet it makes no sense to claim a party switch occurred prior to the 1970s, because Republicans were still voting in higher percentages for civil rights legislation into the 1960s.

    The Nixon Years

    The common claim for when an alleged party switch occurred is the 1970s under Richard Nixon, whose political strategist, Strom Thurmond, had switched from the Democratic Party to the GOP. Nixon was successful in appealing to the previously Democrat South, and would go on to successfully win the presidency. The south, previously Democrat, turned Republican, and the north, previously Republican, turned Democrat, around the 1970s. However, as noted by broadcaster Bob Parks and historian Larry Schweikart, this was due to the impacts of the civil rights movement and desegregation. It was the next generation of young southerners who became Republicans; the old racist Democrats, and their descendants, overwhelmingly remained in the Democratic Party.

    Demographic Changes

    Furthermore, Nixon was only able to win the south because it had already begun changing demographically in response to the civil rights movement. Racist Democrats began moving away from the newly desegregated areas in the South in the 1950s and 1960s through a phenomenon known as White Flight. To avoid desegregation in southern cities, racist Southern Democrats moved to the suburbs, and then used discriminatory housing policies to prevent minorities from moving into the areas, policies that continue today.[97]

    Racist Democrats Stayed with the DNC

    Few Switched After the 1964 Civil Rights Act

    Of the 112 racist Democrats who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act, only three of them switched parties afterwards. Had a major party switch by racist politicians occurred during the Nixon years, then more of those racist Democrats should have switched to the Republican Party. The only three that switched, John Jarman, Strom Thurmond, and Albert W. Watson were not enough to substantially change the party demographics when it comes to civil rights.[98]

    Democrats Today Linked to the Past

    A number of the racist Democrat Senators who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act continued serving into the 1990s, including Charles E. Bennett (1993), Dante Fascell (1993), William Natcher (1994), Jamie Whitten (1995), Sam Gibbons (1997), and Robert Byrd (2010). Furthermore, Democrat politicians today remain inextricably linked to their racist predecessors.

    • Hillary Clinton: Hillary Clinton's mentor, Robert Byrd, was a former Ku Klux Klan leader and U.S. Senator who, at the time of his death in 2010 was the ranking U.S. Senator third in line for the U.S. presidency.[99] Byrd voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act while a U.S. Senator and even delivered one of the longest filibuster attempts in U.S. history attempting to stop the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, lasting 14 hours, yet Hillary Clinton eulogized him.[100] The fact that the Democrats were led in the U.S. Senate as late as 2010 by a former KKK leader who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act shows they have not changed.
    • Al Gore: The father of Al Gore Jr., Al Gore Sr., was yet another of the racist Democrat U.S. Senators to have voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Today's climate change activists are led by the son of a rabidly racist Democrat who opposed civil rights.[101]
    • Bill Clinton: Bill Clinton's mentor, James William Fulbright, was another U.S. Senator who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Bill Clinton delivered his eulogy.[102]
    • Joe Biden: Joe Biden advocated for segregationist, anti-busing legislation in the 1970s, and worked side by side with the old racist Democrats to do so, including U.S. Senator James Eastland, a plantation owner who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act, and Herman Talmadge, another Senator/Governor who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act.[103]
    • Bill Nelson: U.S. Senator Bill Nelson (FL, 2001-19) was the summer intern for racist Democrat Senator George Smathers (who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act), and also was a roommate of Smathers' son, Bruce Smathers, who also went on to become a Democrat politician (FL Secretary of State 1975-78, FL State Rep. 1972-74).
    • Joseph Lister Hubbard: The 2014 Democrat nominee for Alabama Attorney General and U.S. Representative from 2010-2014, Joseph Lister Hubbard, is the son of racist southern Democrat Joseph Lister Hill, a U.S. Senator who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
    • Elizabeth Johnston Patterson: Elizabeth Johnston Patterson is the current Chairwoman of the Spartanburg County Democratic Party, and served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1987-93. Her father, U.S. Senator Olin D. Johnston of South Carolina, was yet another of the racist Democrat U.S. Senators who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
    • Sam Ervin IV: Three generations of Democrat politicians, with the original descendant one of the U.S. Senators who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Sam Ervin IV currently serves in the North Carolina Supreme Court. His father, Sam Ervin III, was another Democrat appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals by Democratic President Jimmy Carter and served until his death in 1999. And the grandfather, Sam Ervin Jr. was a U.S. Senator for the Democratic Party who opposed the 1964 Civil Rights Act.[105]
    • Watkins Abbitt Jr.: Watkins Abbitt Jr. served until 2012 in the Virginia House of Delegates as a Democrat, and endorsed Democrat Terry McAuliffe in 2013 for Governor. His father, Watkins Abbitt Sr. voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
    • Mary Landrieu: Former U.S. Senator Mary Landrieu (D, 1997-2015) was endorsed in 1996 by racist Democrat U.S. Senator Russell Long, who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
    • Gary L. Smith Jr.: Gary L. Smith Jr., a Democrat and Louisiana State Senator, is married to Katherine Mosley, the granddaughter of racist Democrat U.S. Senator Russell Long who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
    But What About Strom Thurmond?

    The one name consistently brought up by Democrats seeking to prove a mass party-switch occurred, with an exodus of racist Democrats going to the Republican Party, is Strom Thurmond. Thurmond, a Democrat U.S. Senator who opposed desegregation and civil rights legislation initially, did indeed move to the Republican Party. Nor was this a temporary change, either. Unlike with the Democrats mentioned above, Thurmond cut ties entirely with the Democratic Party, resulting in both of his sons going on to become Republican politicians as well.

    James Strom Thurmond Jr. was the South Carolina Circuit Solicitor for the 2nd district of South Carolina in 2009 and U.S. Attorney for the District of South Carolina from 2001-05. Paul Thurmond was a member of the South Carolina State Senate from 2013 to 2017.

    Did Thurmond Stop Being Racist?
    Thurmond's Daughter

    Although Thurmond was a Democrat U.S. Senator who voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act, he changed politically after his mixed-race daughter, Essie-Mae Washington-Williams, brought up concerns about his pro-segregation politics. Thurmond paid for his daughter, who was half-African American, to attend college and financially supported her afterwards as well.[106]

    Thurmond Changes From A Segregationist to a Civil Rights Activist

    Following their discussions, Thurmond appointed an African-American, Thomas Moss, to his staff. "At the time of his hiring, Moss was the first African-American staffer in the South Carolina congressional delegation and one of the first in Washington."[107] Thurmond then nominated an African-American Judge, Matthew J. Perry (who his daughter subsequently dated), to the U.S. Court of Military Appeals in 1976, becoming the first Southern Senator to nominate an African-American to a federal judgeship. Thurmond then went on to vote to make Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday a federal holiday, and also voted for the 1982 Voting Rights Act. He additionally employed Armstrong Williams, an African-American syndicated columnist, as an intern in 1980.[108] Thurmond defended Clarence Thomas during his nomination for the Supreme Court and would go on to vote in support of Thomas,[109] just as he had earlier helped Sandra Day O'Connor win nomination to the Court.[110]

    Thurmond's case is unusual because he appears to have changed parties due to a major event in his life, the birth of his half-black daughter; whom he then began secretly supporting with funding for her education and career; allowing her to go on to become a nationally-renowned author and teacher. Following conversations with her, he became the first southern U.S. Senator to nominate an African-American to a federal judgeship and also appointed several African-Americans to his staff while voting for civil rights legislation. Out of respect for his wishes, his daughter remained silent about his support until his death, which resulted in him being falsely mischaracterized for decades. It is possible that Thurmond allowed the nation to falsely accuse him for decades, knowing that his new civil rights stances might still be unpopular in his southern district; but for whatever reason he quietly fought to advance civil rights without verbally debunking the accusations against him.

    To say that Thurmond's conversion to the Republican Party indicates a party switch of racist politicians is ludicrous in light of the fact that Thurmond's change in parties was accompanied by a simultaneous change in his political attitudes towards civil rights as well, as he subsequently went on to lead the way in pushing southern politicians to support civil rights reform and back African-Americans for public office.

    Party Platforms

    That the parties remain the same they always were is further evident from an analysis of their mid-1800s party platforms. Democrats have always been the anti-war party of labor unions opposed to civil rights, and have held close ties to the American Federation of Labor since the early 1990s.[111] Republicans have always been the party of the military, banks, and business. Democrats have always advocated free trade whereas Republicans have historically been the party of tariffs and protectionism, positions which the parties maintain today. Republicans have always been for reduced spending and a gold standard.

    Mid-1800s

    Democrats at the time of the Civil War held many of the same positions they do today, as did Republicans.

    Democrats

    Democrats argued against a national bank as existing to benefit business. Democrats accused Republicans of "religious test[s]" designed to benefit Protestants against Catholics and immigrants. The crux of the argument for slavery was the same as that made today for abortion, that Congress has no right "to interfere with or control" the affairs of the states concerning slavery. Similarly Democrats today resist any federal legislation regulating abortion, and insist that it should be left to the states and the courts. They argued for "free seas and progressive free trade throughout the world" whereas Republicans have historically been the party in favor of tariffs and trade restrictions.[112]

    Republicans

    Republicans by contrast emphasized the inalienable, Creator-given rights to life and liberty, in opposing slavery "aided by perversions of judicial power," during the time of the Civil War. Republicans criticized Democrats for bureaucratic corruption and "systematic plunder of the public treasury by favored partisans" while urging a "return to rigid economy and accountability." In contrast to the Democrat platform that urged free trade, Republicans called for "duties upon imports... to encourage the development of the industrial interests of the whole country."[113]

    Early 1900s
    Democrats

    Democrats back in the 1900s were condemning Republican militaristic imperialism and for engaging the U.S. in "unjust wars" and "militarism." Democrats similarly condemned Republican "greedy commercialism" and urged free trade. Unlike the Republicans which called for a Department of Commerce, the Democrat platform called for a Department of Labor while criticizing Republican monetary policies as being "for the benefit of the banks."[114] The more things change...

    Republicans

    The Republican platform in 1900, by contrast, applauded progress that had revitalized business, industry, and national credit. Unlike the Democrat platform which demanded a Department of Labor, Republicans called for a Department of Commerce. Republicans accused the Democrats of having no economic plans except printing more money, whereas Republicans had used tariffs and a gold standard to restore American prosperity. An emphasis on civil rights was reiterated, stating "It was the plain purpose of the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution, to prevent discrimination on account of race or color." Republicans also noticeably applauded the efforts of women, unlike the Democrat platform, and would prove the major reason the 19th Amendment passed a few years later. Republican trade policies were key to the economic recovery by producing a massive trade surplus.

    The Republican platform was full of pro-war, militaristic language in direct contrast to that of the Democrat platform, and criticized the "Chicago platform." Nonetheless the GOP did criticize big business monopolies as threatening small business. The GOP platform called for restricting foreign immigration, raising the age limit for child labor, and improving military pay. The platform also called for opening up public lands for additional settlement, so as to "provide free homes on the public domain." GOP policies produced so much revenue that the platform called for a reduction in war taxes.[115]



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